Human Capital Capability and Sustainable Agricultural Transformation: Extending the Resource-Based View in Rural Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the relationships among land fertility, green economy achievement, and food resilience within rural agricultural systems in Indonesia. Drawing on sustainability transformation and resource-based perspectives, the study investigates how environmental resource quality contributes to sustainability-oriented economic development and long-term food resilience. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), data were collected from agricultural stakeholders in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The findings indicate that land fertility significantly contributes to green economy achievement, while green economy achievement exerts a strong positive influence on food resilience. The results suggest that sustainability transformation is achieved through the effective integration of environmental resource management and sustainability-oriented economic development rather than through isolated environmental interventions alone. This study contributes to the sustainability and development management literature by providing empirical evidence from an emerging economy context and highlighting the strategic role of environmental resource quality in supporting broader sustainability outcomes. The findings further suggest that knowledge development, adaptive capacity, and institutional support may represent important enabling conditions for strengthening sustainability initiatives and long-term resilience. Practical implications emphasize the importance of integrating sustainable land management, green economy strategies, and food resilience policies to support sustainable and inclusive rural development.